Evidence is gathered about student achievement or understanding. The information allows the instructor or learner to alter future instructional steps. It is done to improve learning outcomes (Black & ...

Formative assessment has been recognized as an essential element of effective classroom practice; as a result, teachers are increasingly required to create formative assessments for their classrooms.

Teachers need more support to move testing from a “necessary evil” to a classroom tool, experts say. While summative assessments—like unit quizzes or annual state tests—are used for evaluation and ...

Sometimes when teachers see good formative-assessment lessons in action, they believe they represent unrealistic aspirations for their own classrooms. In these lessons, students may be developing ...

When education systems around the world responded to the COVID-19 pandemic with intermittent closures and hybrid learning modalities, the role of learning assessment as a fundamental feedback ...

Older student reading of informational texts like those found in most high school classrooms continue to be a concern. College entrance exams scores attest to the fact that this age group of readers ...