Cardiac output monitoring forms a cornerstone of haemodynamic management in critically ill patients, offering real-time insight into global blood flow and guiding fluid, vasopressor and inotropic ...

Cardiac power output (CPO) represents the hydraulic energy generated by the heart and is calculated as the product of cardiac output and mean arterial pressure. As an integrative measure of ...

High output and low output heart failure refer to how much blood your heart pumps to your body with each heartbeat. In both cases, the output is not enough to meet your body’s needs. A diagnosis of ...

Decreased cardiac output is when your heart can no longer pump enough oxygen to meet the demands of your body. A rapid heart rate is a common symptom, but there are others, too. Your heart is ...

Levosimendan is an inotropic agent that has been shown in small studies to prevent or treat the low cardiac output syndrome after cardiac surgery. In a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, ...